This Unit goes over Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes, and also includes Matter Classifications
Matter:
Can it be physically separated
YES: Mixture —> Is the Composition Uniform (In appearance)
YES: Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)
NO: Heterogeneous Mixture
NO: Pure Substance —> Can it be chemically decomposed
YES: Compound (Formula) EX: NaCl
NO: Element (Chemical Symbol) *Building block EX: Oxygen
A given compound always contains the same, fixed ratio of elements (water)
Elements can combine in different ratios to form different compounds (CO, CO2 )
3 main phases - Solid, Liquid, Gas
Ice (Solid) —> Melting —> Water (Liquid) :: Phase Change
Below is the structure of a Solid, They are closely packed together with a rigid movement and small jiggling
--> MELTING
Below is the structure of a Liquid, Molecules are less rigid and move around more and jiggle a bit faster
--> EVAPORATION
Below is the structure of a Gas, Molecules are not rigid and move around freely and bounce around each other and jiggle extremeley fast
From Solid —> Liquid —> Gas is adding heat
From Gas —> Liquid —> Solid is removing heat
On the Test: Speed, Energy(Heat), Bonds,
Kinetic Energy: Energy in Motion
Potential Energy: Stored Energy
Solid has strongest bonds
These are INTERMOLECULAR FORCES (IMF)
Kelvin has no negative values